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(Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science. 1999;40:2383-2390.)
© 1999 by The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Inc.

Light Treatment Enhances Photoreceptor Survival in Dystrophic Retinas of Royal College of Surgeons Rats

Izhak Nir1, Changdong Liu2,3 and Rong Wen2,3

1 From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio; and the Departments of 2 Ophthalmology and 3 Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, School of Medicine, Philadelphia.

Abstract

PURPOSE. To determine whether treatment with bright light elicits a protective response that enhances photoreceptor survival in Royal College of Surgeons (RCS) rats with inherited retinal degeneration.

METHODS. RCS rats were illuminated for 10 to 12 hours with 130 foot-candles (fc) of white or green light. Untreated littermates that were kept under low cyclic light levels were used as control subjects. Photoreceptor survival was determined by quantitative analysis of photoreceptor nuclei and ultrastructural assessment of cellular organization. Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) gene expression were determined at the mRNA and protein levels.

RESULTS. Treatments of RCS rats with a single dose of bright light on postnatal day 23 (P23) greatly enhanced photoreceptor survival. Ultrasturctural analysis revealed intact inner segments in light-treated retinas, whereas in untreated retinas only remnants of inner segments were observed. By P42, numerous viable nuclei were counted in the posterior retina of light-treated rats, whereas most of the remaining nuclei in untreated RCS rat retinas were highly pyknotic. At 2.5 days after treatment with a single dose of bright light, bFGF gene expression was significantly higher than in untreated RCS rat retinas. By P42, bFGF protein levels were still significantly higher in the treated retinas.

CONCLUSIONS. Exogenous bFGF has been shown to promote photoreceptor survival in the RCS rat retina. Thus, the increased bFGF expression that was measured in the light-treated RCS rat retinas may be a protective response to light stress, which supports the observed rescue of photoreceptors in light-treated RCS rat retinas.




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