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Nitric Oxide Synthase–II Is Expressed in Severe Corneal Alkali Burns and Inhibits Neovascularization

From ¹ Développement, Vieillissement et Pathologie de la Rétine, U450, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Association Claude Bernard, Paris, France; and ² Augenklinik der Charité, Humboldt–Universitaet Berlin, Germany.

PURPOSE. Inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS-II) is expressed in many inflammatory conditions. The implication of nitric oxide (NO) in angiogenesis remains controversial. The role of NOS-II and its influence on angiogenesis in corneal neovascularization is unknown and was investigated in this study.

METHODS. A mouse model of corneal neovascularization induced by chemical cauterization was used. NOS-II mRNA expression was analyzed by reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction, and NOS-II protein was studied in situ by immunohistochemical analysis of the cornea. The influence of NOS-II on neovascularization was determined by comparison of vessel development in "normal" wild-type mice and mice with a targeted disruption of the NOS-II gene.

RESULTS. NOS-II mRNA was induced to very high levels after corneal cauterization and remained upregulated throughout the disease. Migratory cells in the center of the cauterization area expressed NOS-II protein. The neovascular response in mice lacking the NOS-II gene was significantly stronger than in wild-type mice, and the difference increased over time.

CONCLUSIONS. These data are the first evidence that NOS-II is expressed in this model of sterile corneal inflammation. NOS-II expression inhibited angiogenesis in severe corneal alkali burns.

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