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1 From the Doheny Eye Institute and the 2 Department of Ophthalmology, University of Southern California, School of Medicine, Los Angeles; and 3 the Department of Ophthalmology, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan.
PURPOSE. Retinal microglial cells of newborn Lewis rats were isolated and
cultured, and the effect of macrophage colony-stimulating factor
(M-CSF), granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF),
and interferon-
(IFN-) on microglial expression of the accessory
molecules required for antigen presentation were studied.
METHODS. Retinal microglia were isolated from newborn Lewis rats and cultured in
media supplemented with either M-CSF or GM-CSF. Immunohistochemical
tests using anti-macrophage complement receptor 3 (OX42) or
anti-monocyte–macrophage (ED1) and DiI-ac-low-density lipoprotein
(LDL) uptake were used to identify microglia. The effect on accessory
molecule expression of microglial cells cultured under varying
conditions (M-CSF, GM-CSF, and M-CSF plus IFN-) was analyzed by
fluorescence-activated cell sorter, using one of the following
antibodies: anti-OX3, anti-OX6, anti-rat intercellular adhesion
molecule (ICAM)-1, anti-rat B7-1, or anti-rat B7-2.
RESULTS. The cultured retinal microglia were positive for macrophage-related
antigens (ED1 and OX42) and also showed uptake of LDL. Furthermore,
ICAM-1 and B7-2 were expressed constitutively on these cells, and MHC
class II and B7-1 were also expressed after IFN- stimulation.
CONCLUSIONS. In vitro, the retinal microglia express the molecules required for
effective antigen presentation to CD4-positive T cells. These findings
suggest that microglia may play a role in local antigen presentation,
especially when they are exposed to IFN-.
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