| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
From the Departments of 1 Cellular and Structural Biology and 2 Microbiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio; and the 3 Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe University School of Medicine, Japan.
PURPOSE. Anterior chamber (AC) inoculation of the KOS strain of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) results in morphologic sparing of the ipsilateral retina, whereas the retina of the uninoculated contralateral eye becomes infected and undergoes acute retinal necrosis. Natural killer (NK) cells are an important component of the primary immune response to most virus infections. The purpose of this study was to determine whether NK cells are involved in preventing early direct anterior-to-posterior spread of HSV-1 after AC inoculation.
METHODS. Normal BALB/c mice were inoculated with 4 x 104 plaque-forming units (PFU) of the KOS strain of HSV-1 using the AC route. NK activity was measured in the spleen, the superficial cervical and submandibular lymph nodes, and the inoculated eye by lysis of chromium-labeled, NK-sensitive YAC-1 target cells. Histopathologic scoring and immunohistochemical staining for HSV-1 were performed in NK-depleted (injected intravenously with anti-asialo GM1) or mock-depleted (injected intravenously with normal rabbit serum) mice.
RESULTS. In mock-depleted mice, NK activity in the spleens, superficial cervical and submandibular lymph nodes, and inoculated eyes peaked at postinoculation (pi) day 5 and declined by pi day 7. Treatment with anti-asialo GM1 eliminated NK activity in the eye and at nonocular sites. The histopathologic scores at pi day 5 indicated more damage to the retinas of NK-depleted mice than to those of mock-depleted mice, and immunohistochemical staining for HSV-1 showed spread of the virus to the sensory retina only in NK-depleted mice.
CONCLUSIONS. NK cells were activated within 5 days after AC inoculation of the KOS strain of HSV-1. Activation of NK cells appears to play a role in preventing direct anterior-to-posterior spread of the virus in the inoculated eye which, in turn, protects the retina of this eye and helps to explain why the architecture of the retina of this eye is spared.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  N. A. Kittan, A. Bergua, S. Haupt, N. Donhauser, P. Schuster, K. Korn, T. Harrer, and B. Schmidt Impaired Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Innate Immune Responses in Patients with Herpes Virus-Associated Acute Retinal Necrosis J. Immunol., September 15, 2007; 179(6): 4219 - 4230. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. J. Shillitoe and C. Pellenz Factors That Limit the Effectiveness of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 for Treatment of Oral Cancer in Mice Clin. Cancer Res., April 15, 2005; 11(8): 3109 - 3116. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. J. J. Carr, J. Chodosh, J. Ash, and T. E. Lane Effect of Anti-CXCL10 Monoclonal Antibody on Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Keratitis and Retinal Infection J. Virol., September 15, 2003; 77(18): 10037 - 10046. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 N. M. Archin, L. van den Boom, L. Perelygina, J. M. Hilliard, and S. S. Atherton Delayed Spread and Reduction in Virus Titer after Anterior Chamber Inoculation of a Recombinant of HSV-1 Expressing IL-16 Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., July 1, 2003; 44(7): 3066 - 3076. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Zhu, X. Xu, H. Liu, X. Liu, S. Wang, F. Dong, B. Yang, and G. Song Enhancement of DNA vaccine potency against herpes simplex virus 1 by co-administration of an interleukin-18 expression plasmid as a genetic adjuvant J. Med. Microbiol., March 1, 2003; 52(3): 223 - 228. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. Grubor-Bauk, A. Simmons, G. Mayrhofer, and P. G. Speck Impaired Clearance of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 From Mice Lacking CD1d or NKT Cells Expressing the Semivariant V{alpha}14-J{alpha}281 TCR J. Immunol., February 1, 2003; 170(3): 1430 - 1434. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. B. Pyles, D. Higgins, C. Chalk, A. Zalar, J. Eiden, C. Brown, G. Van Nest, and L. R. Stanberry Use of Immunostimulatory Sequence-Containing Oligonucleotides as Topical Therapy for Genital Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Infection J. Virol., October 11, 2002; 76(22): 11387 - 11396. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. H. Edelmann and C. B. Wilson Role of CD28/CD80-86 and CD40/CD154 Costimulatory Interactions in Host Defense to Primary Herpes Simplex Virus Infection J. Virol., January 15, 2001; 75(2): 612 - 621. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Franchini, C. Abril, C. Schwerdel, C. Ruedl, M. Ackermann, and M. Suter Protective T-Cell-Based Immunity Induced in Neonatal Mice by a Single Replicative Cycle of Herpes Simplex Virus J. Virol., January 1, 2001; 75(1): 83 - 89. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. A. Nash T Cells and the Regulation of Herpes Simplex Virus Latency and Reactivation J. Exp. Med., April 24, 2000; 191(9): 1455 - 1458. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
