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(Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science. 2001;42:3016-3022.)
© 2001 by The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Inc.

Mitochondrial Abnormalities in Ageing Macular Photoreceptors

Martin J. Barron1, Margaret A. Johnson1, Richard M. Andrews2, Michael P. Clarke2, Philip G. Griffiths2, Elizabeth Bristow2, Lang-Ping He1, Steven Durham1 and Douglass M. Turnbull1

1 From the School of Neurosciences and Psychiatry, University of Newcastle-upon-Tyne; and 2 Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, United Kingdom.

PURPOSE. To evaluate somatic mitochondrial (mt)DNA mutations in the macula during ageing.

METHODS. Ten 30-µm cryostat sections from the macula (foveal and perifoveal regions) and peripheral retina of 14 donors (aged 14–94 years) were cut for cytochrome c oxidase cytochemistry. The photoreceptor layer was microdissected and DNA extracted for 4977-bp mtDNA (mtDNA4977) quantification using PCR. Dual cytochemistry for cytochrome c oxidase and succinate dehydrogenase allowed the detection of cytochrome c oxidase–deficient cones.

RESULTS. Findings showed a progressive accumulation of mtDNA4977 from ages 14 to 94 years. From ages 14 to 60 years there was an increase from 0.006% to 0.25%, and from ages 60 to 94 years there was a steeper increase from 0.25% to 5.39%. Counts of cones in the dual-reacted preparations showed more cytochrome c oxidase–deficient cones in the foveal region than elsewhere.

CONCLUSIONS. The results show that mitochondrial DNA deletions and cytochrome c oxidase–deficient cones accumulate in the ageing retina, particularly in the foveal region. These defects may contribute to the changes in macular function observed in ageing and age-related maculopathy.




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