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Visual Dysfunction between Migraine Events

¹ From the Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, University of Melbourne, Victoria; the ² Department of Psychology, University of Western Australia, Nedlands; and the ³ Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Victoria, Australia.

PURPOSE. To evaluate interictal visual dysfunction in persons with migraine in terms of spatiotemporal selectivity and location within the visual pathways.

METHODS. The vision of a group of 15 persons who had experienced migraine with aura was compared with that of 15 normal age-matched control subjects. A range of thresholds was measured to evaluate precortical (background modulation, contrast thresholds for static, and moving stimuli), area V1 (orientation discrimination and motion discrimination thresholds), and higher order (global dot motion thresholds) visual processes. Testing was performed centrally and at 10° in the superior visual field. For each of the tests, the spatial and temporal parameters of the stimuli were selected to bias detection toward either parvocellular or magnocellular visual mechanisms.

RESULTS. No defects were found for parvocellular processes. Significant (P < 0.05) losses were apparent with the temporal background modulation method (16 Hz), orientation discrimination (0.5 cyc/deg), and global dot motion tasks.

CONCLUSIONS. Both cortical and precortical visual dysfunction were identified in migraine group 7 days after the headache. This loss was selective for targets with temporal modulation of approximately 16 Hz.

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