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From the Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Collège de France, Illkirch-CU de Strasbourg, France.
PURPOSE. To determine the localization of retinoic acid receptors (RAR) 
,
ß, and 
and retinoid X receptors (RXR) , ß, and in
developing and adult mouse eyes at the level of single cells.
METHODS. Immunohistochemistry was performed on paraformaldehyde-lysine-periodate–fixed cryosections of mouse eyes, from embryonic day 10.5 to adulthood, with polyclonal antibodies directed against each receptor isoform. Histologic sections from null mutant mice for each receptor served as negative controls.
RESULTS. RAR was present ubiquitously in the prenatal eye and preferentially
located in the posnatal retina and ciliary body. RARß was detected
predominantly in the periocular mesenchyme and ciliary body. RAR was
distributed in the periocular mesenchyme, choroid, sclera, cornea,
conjunctiva, and lids. RXR was found preferentially in the prenatal
periocular mesenchyme and retina and in the postnatal ciliary body,
cornea, and conjunctiva. RXRß was ubiquitous at all the stages.
RXR was detected mainly in subsets of prenatal retinal cells and in
postnatal ganglion cells as well as a subset of photoreceptor cells
that were characterized as cones in adults.
CONCLUSIONS. RAR, ß, and and RXR and exhibit specific and dynamic
patterns of distribution in ocular tissues throughout the course of
development. The abundance of RARß, RAR, and RXR in the
periocular mesenchyme suggests that this tissue represents an important
site of retinoid actions during eye development and in
adulthood.
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