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Intravitreal Delivery of Oligonucleotides by Sterically Stabilized Liposomes

¹ From the Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie, Pharmacotechnie, Biopharmacie, Unité Mixte de Recherche Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 8612, Faculté de Pharmacie, Châtenay-Malabry, France; ² Service de Pharmacologie et d’Immunologie, Département de la Recherche Médicale/Direction des Sciences du Vivant, Comissariat á l’Energie Atomique (CEA)-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France; and ³ Développement, Vieillissement et Pathologie de la Rétine, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM) U450, Association Claude Bernard, affiliée CNRS, Paris, France.

PURPOSE. The efficacy of sterically stabilized liposomes for delivering a model phosphodiester oligonucleotide intravitreally was investigated in the rabbit.

METHODS. Ocular distribution and clearance from the vitreous humor of a model 16-mer oligothymidylate (pdT16) were evaluated in the rabbit by radioactivity measurements after intravitreal injection of either a solution or liposomes containing the [³³P]pdT16 oligonucleotide. The integrity of pdT16 was investigated using a competitive hybridization assay.

RESULTS. The residual concentration of the [³³P]pdT16 oligonucleotide within the ocular tissues was significantly increased after intravitreal administration of the liposomal suspension compared with a simple solution. Administration of liposome-encapsulated pdT16 oligonucleotide resulted in sustained release into the vitreous and the retina-choroid compared with release from the solution and in a reduced distribution to nontarget tissues (sclera, lens). In addition, liposomes protected the phosphodiester oligonucleotide against degradation. This was not observed after administration of the free oligonucleotide.

CONCLUSIONS. The intravitreal injection of a phosphodiester oligonucleotide encapsulated within liposomes is a new way of delivering intact oligonucleotide to the eye in a controlled manner. This offers interesting prospects for the treatment of retinal diseases.

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