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A Peptidase Gene in Chromosome 8q Is Disrupted by A Balanced Translocation in a Duane Syndrome Patient

¹ From the Department of Experimental Medicine and Pathology, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy; the ² Hospital for the Relief of Suffering, CSS-Mendel Institute, Rome, Italy; CSS, IRCCS San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy; the ⁴ Department of Biomedical Science, Section of Genetic Medicine, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy; the ⁵ Institute of Clinical Neurology, Maggiore Policlinico Hospital, IRCCS, Milan, Italy; the ⁶ Department of Cytogenetics, Hospital Saint Vincent-de-Paul, Paris, France; and the ⁷ Istituto Citomorfologia N&P CNR, Chieti, Italy.

PURPOSE. To identify the gene disrupted by a de novo reciprocal balanced translocation t(6;8)(q26;q13) in a patient with Duane retraction syndrome (DURS). The break point in chromosome arm 8q is positioned within the DURS1 critical region.

METHODS. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis using cosmid and BAC clones covering the DURS1 locus was performed to define the break point position and its relationship with expressed sequence tags (ESTs) in the region. Once the interrupted gene was identified, the full-length cDNA was sequenced and the genomic organization defined. Eighteen patients with sporadic DURS without cytogenetic abnormalities involving the DURS1 region were screened for point mutations in the candidate DURS1 gene.

RESULTS. A carboxypeptidase gene (CPAH) was directly interrupted between the first and second exons in a patient with DURS who carried a de novo reciprocal balanced translocation t(6;8)(q26;q13) involving the DURS1 region on chromosome arm 8q13. The gene was transcribed in at least two alternative mRNA forms, with different start and stop codons.

CONCLUSIONS. The CPAH gene was interrupted in a patient with DURS carrying a translocation break point in the DURS1 region on chromosome 8q13. CPAH is therefore a likely candidate for this abnormality, even if the possibility that other genes are involved, either by direct effects on transcription units present in the first CPAH intron or by position effects, cannot be ruled out. Functional studies of the influence of this gene on the morphogenesis of eye muscles and their innervation may clarify this question.

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