| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
1From the School of Optometry and the 2School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; and the 3Division of Medical Imaging, Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
PURPOSES. To determine axial, vertical, and horizontal eye dimensions in myopic and emmetropic eyes by using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and to relate these to different ocular expansion models of myopia development.
METHODS. The internal length (cornea to retina), height and width (both retina to retina) were measured in emmetropic and myopic eyes (up to –12 D) of 88 participants aged 18 to 36 years. Participants were positioned supine in a clinical MRI scanner. The fixation target was imaged straight ahead of the subject by an overhead 45° inclined mirror. Eye images were acquired with a 7.5-cm receive-only radio frequency surface coil. Axial (horizontal through middle of eye) and sagittal (vertical through visual axis) sections were taken with a T1-weighted fast spin-echo sequence.
RESULTS. With an increase in myopic refractive correction, myopic eyes became much larger in all three dimensions, but more so in length (0.35 mm/D, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.28–0.40) than in height (0.19 mm/D, 95% CI 0.09–0.29) and more so in height than in width (0.10 mm/D, 95% CI 0.01–0.20). Based on height and length dimensions, 25% and 29% of myopic eyes exclusively fitted global expansion and axial elongation models, respectively. Based on width and length dimensions, 17% and 39% of myopic eyes exclusively fitted the global expansion and axial elongation models, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS. Although there are considerable individual variations, in general myopic eyes are elongated relative to emmetropic eyes, more in length than in height and even less in width. Approximately a quarter of the myopic participants fitted each of the global expansion or axial elongation model exclusively. The small proportions are due primarily to the large variability in the dimensions of emmetropic eyes.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  M. Day, L. S. Gray, D. Seidel, and N. C. Strang The relationship between object spatial profile and accommodation microfluctuations in emmetropes and myopes J Vis, September 1, 2009; 9(10): 5 - 5. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. Huang, L.-F. Hung, R. Ramamirtham, T. L. Blasdel, T. L. Humbird, K. H. Bockhorst, and E. L. Smith III Effects of Form Deprivation on Peripheral Refractions and Ocular Shape in Infant Rhesus Monkeys (Macaca mulatta) Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., September 1, 2009; 50(9): 4033 - 4044. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Tabernero and F. Schaeffel More Irregular Eye Shape in Low Myopia Than in Emmetropia Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., September 1, 2009; 50(9): 4516 - 4522. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. Lundstrom, A. Mira-Agudelo, and P. Artal Peripheral optical errors and their change with accommodation differ between emmetropic and myopic eyes J Vis, June 29, 2009; 9(6): 17 - 17. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. J. Hunter, M. C. W. Campbell, M. L. Kisilak, and E. L. Irving Blur on the retina due to higher-order aberrations: Comparison of eye growth models to experimental data J Vis, June 24, 2009; 9(6): 12 - 12. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Y. P. Chui, H. Song, and S. A. Burns Individual Variations in Human Cone Photoreceptor Packing Density: Variations with Refractive Error Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., October 1, 2008; 49(10): 4679 - 4687. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. D. Bailey, L. T. Sinnott, and D. O. Mutti Ciliary Body Thickness and Refractive Error in Children Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., October 1, 2008; 49(10): 4353 - 4360. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. A. Atchison, E. L. Markwell, S. Kasthurirangan, J. M. Pope, G. Smith, and P. G. Swann Age-related changes in optical and biometric characteristics of emmetropic eyes J Vis, April 1, 2008; 8(4): 29 - 29. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. O. Mutti, J. R. Hayes, G. L. Mitchell, L. A. Jones, M. L. Moeschberger, S. A. Cotter, R. N. Kleinstein, R. E. Manny, J. D. Twelker, K. Zadnik, et al. Refractive Error, Axial Length, and Relative Peripheral Refractive Error before and after the Onset of Myopia Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., June 1, 2007; 48(6): 2510 - 2519. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C Oliveira, N Harizman, C A Girkin, A Xie, C Tello, J M Liebmann, and R Ritch Axial length and optic disc size in normal eyes Br J Ophthalmol, January 1, 2007; 91(1): 37 - 39. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K A Goatman A reference standard for the measurement of macular oedema. Br J Ophthalmol, September 1, 2006; 90(9): 1197 - 1202. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Jaworski, A. Gentle, A. J. Zele, A. J. Vingrys, and N. A. McBrien Altered visual sensitivity in axial high myopia: a local postreceptoral phenomenon? Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., August 1, 2006; 47(8): 3695 - 3702. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. D. Singh, N. S. Logan, and B. Gilmartin Three-dimensional modeling of the human eye based on magnetic resonance imaging. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., June 1, 2006; 47(6): 2272 - 2279. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. O. Mutti, G. L. Mitchell, J. R. Hayes, L. A. Jones, M. L. Moeschberger, S. A. Cotter, R. N. Kleinstein, R. E. Manny, J. D. Twelker, K. Zadnik, et al. Accommodative Lag before and after the Onset of Myopia. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., March 1, 2006; 47(3): 837 - 846. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. L. Smith III, C.-s. Kee, R. Ramamirtham, Y. Qiao-Grider, and L.-F. Hung Peripheral Vision Can Influence Eye Growth and Refractive Development in Infant Monkeys Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., November 1, 2005; 46(11): 3965 - 3972. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. A. Atchison, N. Pritchard, K. L. Schmid, D. H. Scott, C. E. Jones, and J. M. Pope Shape of the Retinal Surface in Emmetropia and Myopia Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., August 1, 2005; 46(8): 2698 - 2707. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
