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(Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science. 2004;45:3442-3445.)
© 2004 by The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Inc.
DOI:  10.1167/iovs.04-0233
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The Impact of Visual Impairment on Functional Vision of Children in Rural South India: The Kariapatti Pediatric Eye Evaluation Project

Praveen Kumar Nirmalan,1,2 Rajesh Kumar John,1,2 Vijaya Kumari Gothwal,3 Sethu Baskaran,1,2 Perumalsamy Vijayalakshmi,2 and Lakshmi Rahmathullah2,4

1From the Lions Aravind Institute of Community Ophthalmology and the 2Aravind Medical Research Foundation, Aravind Eye Care System, Madurai, India; and the 3Meera and L. B. Deshpande Centre for Sight Enhancement Vision Rehabilitation, L. V. Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India.

PURPOSE. To determine the impact of visual impairment on functional vision of children in a rural population of south India.

METHODS. A visual function questionnaire (LVP-VFQ) was administered to 1194 children aged 7 to 15 years identified through a systematic random sampling technique from 144 hamlets of Kariapatti in rural south India as part of a larger population-based project. Visual acuity estimations and clinical examinations for morbidity were performed in these 1194 children. A Rasch analysis was performed to validate the use of the instrument in this population. Bootstrap estimates (95% confidence intervals) of the regression coefficients were used to compare visual function scores between children with normal sight and children with uncorrected monocular and binocular visual impairment.

RESULTS. The mean age of children was 10.3 ± 2.1 years. The reliability estimates were 0.82 for person ability and 0.88 for item difficulty parameters, according to the Rasch analysis. A separation index of 2.15 was obtained for person measures and 2.74 for item measures, and the mean square infit and outfit statistics were 1.03 (ZSTD 0.1) and 0.99 (ZSTD –0.1), respectively. Children with monocular visual impairment (bootstrap estimate [95%CI] –0.05 [–0.08 to –0.01]) and binocular visual impairment (bootstrap estimate [95%CI] –0.09 [–0.11 to –0.07]) were more likely to have functional visual deficits than were normally sighted peers.

CONCLUSIONS. Monocular or binocular visual impairment impacts on the functional vision of children in this rural population. Further studies are needed to determine the impact of treatment of visual impairment on functional vision in children of this population.




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