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(Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science. 2004;45:3458-3465.)
© 2004 by The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Inc.
DOI:  10.1167/iovs.04-0243
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Perceived Visual Ability for Functional Vision Performance among Persons with Low Vision in the Indian State of Andhra Pradesh

Rishita Nutheti,1,2 Bindiganavale R. Shamanna,1 Sannapaneni Krishnaiah,1 Vijaya K. Gothwal,1 Ravi Thomas,1 and Gullapalli N. Rao1,2

1From the International Centre for Advancement of Rural Eye Care, L. V. Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India; and 2Vision Cooperative Research Center and School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.

PURPOSE. To determine the distribution of perceived visual ability for functional vision performance among persons with low vision in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh.

METHODS. As part of a population-based epidemiologic study, the Andhra Pradesh Eye Disease Study (APEDS), a 16-item visual function questionnaire was designed and applied to 7363 persons older than 15 years, to record the levels of difficulty perceived by the subjects. Of these, 123 persons were found to have low vision. Rasch analysis was used to convert the ordinal difficulty ratings of these 123 persons into interval measures of perceived visual ability for functional vision.

RESULTS. Content validity of the questionnaire was demonstrated by good separation indices (3.17 and 5.44) and high reliability scores (0.91 and 0.97) for person and item parameters. Construct validity was shown with model fit statistics. Criterion validity of the questionnaire was shown by good discrimination among the general vision ratings. The functional situation that required the least visual ability was "reaching an object farther or closer than you thought"; the situation requiring the most visual ability was "recognizing small objects." Bivariate regression analysis determined that for every unit of logMAR visual acuity, perceived visual ability for functional vision decreased by 2.9 logit, which could explain 32% of the variability in the person measure.

CONCLUSIONS. The described assessment, across a range of visual problems, is a valid way to measure perceived ability for functional vision in persons with low vision. Perceived visual ability varies with every unit of logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) visual acuity.




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