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(Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science. 2004;45:4263-4267.)
© 2004 by The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Inc.
DOI:  10.1167/iovs.04-0078
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A Novel Mutation in the ELOVL4 Gene Causes Autosomal Dominant Stargardt-like Macular Dystrophy

Alessandra Maugeri,1 Francoise Meire,2 Carel B. Hoyng,3 Carolien Vink,1 Nicole Van Regemorter,4 Goutam Karan,5 Zhenglin Yang,5,6 Frans P. M. Cremers,1,7 and Kang Zhang5,6,7

1From the Departments of Human Genetics and 3Ophthalmology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; the 2Department of Ophthalmology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium; the 4Centre de Genetique ULB, Hopital Erasme, Bruxelles, Belgium; and the 5Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science and the 6Program in Human Molecular Biology and Genetics, Eccles Institute of Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.

PURPOSE. To conduct clinical and genetic studies in a European family with autosomal dominant Stargardt-like macular dystrophy (adSTGD-like MD) and to investigate the functional consequences of a novel ELOVL4 mutation.

METHODS. Ophthalmic examination and mutation screening by direct sequencing of the ELOVL4 gene was performed in two affected individuals. Wild-type and mutant ELOVL4 genes were expressed as enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) fusion proteins in transient transfection in NIH-3T3 and HEK293 cells. To determine the subcellular localization of ELOVL4, an endoplasmic-reticulum (ER)–specific marker for pDsRed2-ER was cotransfected with ELOVL4 constructs. Transfected cells were viewed by confocal microscopy. Western blot analysis was performed to assess protein expression using an anti-GFP antibody.

RESULTS. Affected patients exhibited macular atrophy with surrounding flecks characteristic of adSTGD-like MD. A novel ELOVL4 p.Tyr270X mutation was detected in affected individuals. In cell-transfection studies, wild-type ELOVL4 localized preferentially to the ER. In contrast, the mutant protein appeared to be mislocalized within transfected cells.

CONCLUSIONS. In a European family with adSTGD-like MD, a novel ELOVL4 mutation was found to underlie the disorder. Transfection studies indicated that, unlike wild-type ELOVL4, the mutant protein does not localize to the ER but rather appears to be sequestered elsewhere in an aggregated pattern in the cytoplasm. Further analysis of the function of normal and mutant ELOVL4 will provide insight into the mechanism of macular degeneration.




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