IOVS Journal of Applied Physiology
HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced]


     

(Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science. 2004;45:937-942.)
© 2004 by The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Inc.
DOI:  10.1167/iovs.03-1007
This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Submit a response
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me when eLetters are posted
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Right arrow Citation Map
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in Web of Science
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrow reprints & permissions
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Web of Science (10)
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Luan, H.
Right arrow Articles by Berkowitz, B. A.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Luan, H.
Right arrow Articles by Berkowitz, B. A.

Effect of PKCß on Retinal Oxygenation Response in Experimental Diabetes

Hongmei Luan,1 Michael Leitges,2 Rita R. Gupta,1 Daniel Pacheco,1 Andres Seidner,1 Jessica Liggett,1 Yasuki Ito,1 Renu Kowluru,3 and Bruce A. Berkowitz1,3

1From the Departments of Anatomy and Cell Biology and 3Ophthalmology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan; and 2Max-Planck-Institut für Experimental Endokrinologie, Hannover, Germany.

PURPOSE. To test the hypotheses that, in mice, breathing carbogen (95% O2-5% CO2) oxygenates the retina better than breathing 100% oxygen, the superior hemiretinal oxygenation response to carbogen inhalation is subnormal early in diabetes, and diabetes-induced elevation of retinal protein kinase C (PKC)-ß contributes to this pathophysiology.

METHODS. Retinal oxygenation response ({Delta}PO2) was measured using functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and either carbogen or 100% oxygen inhalation challenge in C57BL/6J control (C) mice. Retinal {Delta}PO2 during carbogen breathing was also measured in PKCß knockout (C57BL6-Prkcb1; [KO]), 4 month C57BL/6J diabetic (D), and 4-month diabetic PKCß KO (D+KO) mice. Retinal PKCß protein expression was assessed by Western analysis.

RESULTS. In C mice, retinal {Delta}PO2 during carbogen breathing was significantly greater (P < 0.05) than during oxygen breathing. In D mice, {Delta}PO2 during carbogen breathing was significantly lower than normal in the superior, but not the inferior, hemiretina and was normal (P > 0.0 5) in the KO group. In the D+KO mice {Delta}PO2 was normal (P > 0.05) only at distances less than 1.5 mm from the optic nerve head. PKCß expression was elevated in the retina in diabetes (P < 0.05), but was significantly decreased (P < 0.05) in D+KO mice.

CONCLUSIONS. The present study confirms that, in the mouse, retinal {Delta}PO2 patterns during different inhalation challenges or in the presence of diabetes are similar to what has been reported in rats. Diabetes-induced elevation of PKC appears to contribute only focally to subnormal retinal {Delta}PO2. This raises the possibility that PKC inhibition therapy may be only regionally effective in treating retinal pathophysiology associated with diabetic retinopathy.




This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
 IOVSHome page
S. H. Hardarson, A. Harris, R. A. Karlsson, G. H. Halldorsson, L. Kagemann, E. Rechtman, G. M. Zoega, T. Eysteinsson, J. A. Benediktsson, A. Thorsteinsson, et al.
Automatic Retinal Oximetry
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., November 1, 2006; 47(11): 5011 - 5016.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 IOVSHome page
R. Roberts, H. Luan, and B. A. Berkowitz
{alpha}-Lipoic Acid Corrects Late-Phase Supernormal Retinal Oxygenation Response in Experimental Diabetic Retinopathy.
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., September 1, 2006; 47(9): 4077 - 4082.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 IOVSHome page
G. L. Trick, P. Edwards, U. Desai, and B. A. Berkowitz
Early supernormal retinal oxygenation response in patients with diabetes.
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., April 1, 2006; 47(4): 1612 - 1619.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 IOVSHome page
D.-Y. Yu and S. J. Cringle
Oxygen distribution in the mouse retina.
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., March 1, 2006; 47(3): 1109 - 1112.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 IOVSHome page
H. Luan, R. Roberts, M. Sniegowski, D. J. Goebel, and B. A. Berkowitz
Retinal Thickness and Subnormal Retinal Oxygenation Response in Experimental Diabetic Retinopathy
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., January 1, 2006; 47(1): 320 - 328.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 IOVSHome page
B. A. Berkowitz, R. Roberts, H. Luan, J. Peysakhov, D. L. Knoerzer, J. R. Connor, and T. C. Hohman
Drug Intervention Can Correct Subnormal Retinal Oxygenation Response in Experimental Diabetic Retinopathy
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., August 1, 2005; 46(8): 2954 - 2960.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
Copyright © 2004 by the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology