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Is Optical Coherence Tomography Really a New Biomarker Candidate in Multiple Sclerosis?—A Structural and Functional Evaluation

¹From the Departments of Ophthalmology and ²Neurology, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey.

PURPOSE. To assess the structural and functional status of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) without a history of optic neuritis.

METHODS. Thirty-nine patients with MS who had reported no visual symptoms before and after the time of MS diagnosis were included. Thirty-eight healthy subjects were included as a control group. Retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness was determined by optical coherence tomography. Pattern visual evoked potentials (PVEP), full-field electroretinogram (ERG), and multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG) were performed.

RESULTS. There was a significant reduction (P = 0.011) only in temporal RNFL thickness in patients with MS. P₁₀₀ latency was significantly delayed with both 60-min arc checks (P < 0.001) and 15-min arc checks (P < 0.001); however, P₁₀₀ amplitude was significantly reduced only in 60-min arc checks (P = 0.026). Rod response b-wave implicit time and standard combined response a- and b-wave implicit times were significantly delayed in patients with MS. Patients with MS with a delayed P₁₀₀ latency (21/39; 53.8%) had significantly reduced cone response b-wave amplitude and significantly delayed cone response a- and b-wave implicit times in ERG. mfERG results did not differ between MS and control subjects and between patients with a delayed and a normal P₁₀₀ latency. Pearson correlations between RNFL thickness and P₁₀₀ amplitude and latency in patients with MS were not significant (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS. There is no correlation between RNFL thickness and P₁₀₀ response in patients with MS. PVEP seems to be a more reliable biomarker in determining visual pathway involvement in patients with no history of optic neuritis.

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				K. Kallenbach, H. Simonsen, B. Sander, B. Wanscher, H. Larsson, M. Larsen, and J. L. Frederiksen Retinal nerve fiber layer thickness is associated with lesion length in acute optic neuritis Neurology, January 19, 2010; 74(3): 252 - 258. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]