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(Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science. 2007;48:2172-2177.)
© 2007 by The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Inc.
DOI:  10.1167/iovs.06-1202
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Bacterial Transcytosis across Conjunctival M Cells

Carisa K. Petris, Miriam Golomb, and Thomas E. Phillips

From the Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.

PURPOSE. Antigen-sampling M cells have been identified in conjunctival tissue overlying lymphoid follicles in rabbits and guinea pigs. Conjunctival M cells in the guinea pig display {alpha}(2-3) sialic acid on their surfaces, as evinced by selective labeling by Maackia amurensis leukoagglutinin (MAL)-I. Haemophilus influenzae strains OM12, which expresses the HMW1 adhesin for {alpha}(2-3) sialic acid, and Rd KW20, which lacks HMW1, were used to test the hypothesis that conjunctival M cells translocate large microbes.

METHODS. Fluorescein-labeled bacteria were instilled into the conjunctival sac for up to 130 minutes. Confocal laser scanning microscopy and electron microscopy were used to visualize bacterial distribution.

RESULTS. M cells, but not nonfollicular epithelial cells in the palpebral region, selectively bound and translocated bacteria. By 66 minutes, 423 ± 165 bacteria/mm2 of follicle-associated epithelial (FAE) surface were found in three-dimensional reconstructions extending 15.4 µm below the surface. By 127 minutes, the number of bacteria increased to 579 ± 44/mm2 of FAE surface and they had moved 50% deeper into the follicle. Coadministration with MAL-I reduced OM12 transport by 61%. Similarly, Rd KW20 uptake was 71% less at 63 minutes and 58% less at 121 minutes, indicating that OM12 uptake is at least partially mediated by binding to {alpha}(2-3) sialic acid.

CONCLUSIONS. Conjunctival M cells are a port of entry for large microbes and may play a role in initiation of mucosal immune responses against commensal or transient ocular bacterial species and may allow the entry of pathogens.




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C. Cain and T. E. Phillips
Developmental Changes in Conjunctiva-Associated Lymphoid Tissue of the Rabbit
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., February 1, 2008; 49(2): 644 - 649.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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