IOVS AJP: Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology
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(Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science. 2007;48:2719-2725.)
© 2007 by The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Inc.
DOI:  10.1167/iovs.06-0644
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A Cholinergic Agonist Attenuates Endotoxin-Induced Uveitis in Rats

Zai-Long Chi, Seiji Hayasaka, Xue-Yun Zhang, Hu-Shan Cui, and Yoriko Hayasaka

From the Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan.

PURPOSE. Investigation of physiological anti-inflammatory mechanisms can contribute to the treatment of inflammatory disorders. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of nicotine, a selective cholinergic agonist, on endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU) in rats and the underlying molecular mechanism.

METHODS. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS; endotoxin) and nicotine were injected intraperitoneally. Clinical scores were evaluated by slit lamp. Intracameral protein content and the number of cells were determined. Immunohistochemical reactivity of {alpha}7 nicotine acetylcholine receptor ({alpha}7nAChR) was examined in the iris and ciliary body (ICB). mRNA and protein levels of cytokines and chemokines were measured by real-time PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

RESULTS. After LPS injection, clinical scores, as well as protein content and number of cells in the aqueous humor increased during 18 to 36 hours. Nicotine inhibited the endotoxin-induced elevation of these levels. mRNA and protein of {alpha}7nAChR expression levels were significantly increased by LPS and/or nicotine injection. Nicotine showed no effects on endotoxin-induced elevation of mRNA levels in ICB. However, nicotine decreased the endotoxin-induced elevation of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1ß, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-{alpha}, cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant (CINC)-1, and monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1, but did not affect IL-10 in the serum and aqueous humor.

CONCLUSIONS. Nicotine attenuated endotoxin-induced uveitis through directly decreasing the levels of multiple cytokines and chemokines in the aqueous humor, but did not affect the mRNA levels of these factors. The findings suggest that the nicotinic anti-inflammatory pathway may be involved in the pathogenesis of EIU.




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I. A. J. Giebelen, M. Leendertse, S. Florquin, and T. van der Poll
Stimulation of acetylcholine receptors impairs host defence during pneumococcal pneumonia
Eur. Respir. J., February 1, 2009; 33(2): 375 - 381.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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