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Dorzolamide Increases Retinal Oxygen Tension after Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion

¹From the Department of Ophthalmology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; the ²Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; the ³Eye Pathology Institute, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; ⁴Merck, Sharp & Dohme, Glostrup, Denmark; the ⁵University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland; and the ⁶Department of Ophthalmology, Glostrup Hospital, Denmark.

PURPOSE. To study the effect of dorzolamide on the preretinal oxygen tension (RPO₂) in retinal areas affected by experimental branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) in pigs.

METHODS. Experimental BRVO was induced by diathermy close to the optic disc. RPO₂ was measured with an oxygen-sensitive electrode 0.5 mm above the BRVO-affected area, which was compared to the retinal areas not affected by BRVO. In one group of five pigs, RPO₂ was measured at baseline, 1 and 3 hours after BRVO, and after intravenous injection of 500 mg dorzolamide. In a second group of five pigs, RPO₂ was measured 1 week after the BRVO, both before and after intravenous injection of 500 mg dorzolamide.

RESULTS. The average baseline RPO₂ was 2.64 ± 0.09 kPa (mean ± SD). In the BRVO-affected areas, RPO₂ decreased significantly (by 0.67 ± 0.29 and 0.94 ± 0.13 kPa) at 1 hour and 3 hours after BRVO induction. In the non-BRVO areas RPO₂ increased significantly (by 0.51 ± 0.14 kPa) 1 hour after BRVO induction, but subsequently decreased and reached baseline 3 hours after BRVO induction. One week after BRVO induction, RPO₂ was 0.67 ± 0.29 kPa lower in affected areas when compared with the non-BRVO areas. In the BRVO-affected areas, dorzolamide increased RPO₂ significantly (by 0.36 ± 0.21 kPa at 3 to 4 hours and by 0.67 ± 0.40 kPa) 1 week after BRVO induction.

CONCLUSIONS. Retinal hypoxia induced by experimental BRVO remained significant 1 week after BRVO. Dorzolamide increased retinal oxygen tension in the BRVO-affected areas both at 4 hours and 1 week after experimental BRVO in pigs.

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