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Originally published In Press as doi:10.1167/iovs.08-3256 on March 5, 2009
 (Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science. 2009;50:3360-3365.)
© 2009 by The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Inc.
doi:10.1167/iovs.08-3256
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The Role of Supplemental Oxygen and JAK/STAT Signaling in Intravitreous Neovascularization in a ROP Rat Model

Grace Byfield, Steve Budd, and M. Elizabeth Hartnett

From the Department of Ophthalmology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.

PURPOSE. To investigate whether oxygen stresses experienced in retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) trigger signaling through reactive oxygen species (ROS) and whether the Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) pathway lead to intravitreous neovascularization (IVNV) in an oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) rat model.

METHODS. Newborn rat pups exposed to repeated fluctuations in oxygen and rescued in supplemental oxygen (28% O2, 50/10 OIR+SO) were treated with apocynin, an NADPH oxidase and ROS inhibitor (10 mg/kg/d), AG490, a JAK2 inhibitor (5 mg/kg/d), or phosphate-buffered saline. Intraperitoneal injections were given from postnatal day (P)12 to P17 (apocynin), or from P3 to P17 (AG490). Outcomes were intravitreous neovascularization and avascular/total retinal areas, vascular endothelial growth factor, phosphorylated JAK2, and phosphorylated STAT3.

RESULTS. Apocynin significantly reduced phosphorylated STAT3 in 50/10 OIR+SO (P = 0.04), in association with previously reported inhibition of the IVNV area. Inhibition of JAK with AG490 significantly reduced phosphorylated JAK2 (P < 0.001), phosphorylated STAT3 (P = 0.002), and IVNV area (P = 0.033) in the 50/10 OIR+SO model compared with control.

CONCLUSIONS. Activation of NADPH oxidase from supplemental oxygen works through activated STAT3 to lead to IVNV. In addition, inhibition of the JAK/STAT pathway reduces IVNV. Further studies are needed to determine the effects and relationships of oxygen stresses on JAK/STAT and NAPDH oxidase signaling.






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