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Originally published In Press as doi:10.1167/iovs.09-4247 on September 8, 2009
 (Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science. 2010;51:903-906.)
© 2010 by The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Inc.
doi:10.1167/iovs.09-4247
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Tumor Necrosis Factor-{alpha} Concentrations in the Aqueous Humor of Patients with Glaucoma

Hideko Sawada, Takeo Fukuchi, Takayuki Tanaka, and Haruki Abe

From the Department of Ophthalmology, Niigata University School of Medicine, Niigata, Japan.

Corresponding author: Hideko Sawada, Department of Ophthalmology, Niigata University School of Medicine, Niigata, Japan, 1-757 Asahimachi, Niigata 951-8510, Japan; jedemalgutentag{at}hotmail.com.

Purpose. To investigate the concentration of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-{alpha} in the aqueous humor of patients with glaucoma, including correlations with glaucoma subtypes and intraocular pressure.

Methods. The study population comprised 84 patients with open-angle glaucoma who were scheduled for filtration or cataract surgery. Glaucoma subgroups included 29 cases of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), 28 cases of normal-tension glaucoma (NTG), and 27 cases of exfoliation glaucoma (ExG). Seventy-nine patients with senile cataract were recruited as control subjects. The concentrations of TNF-{alpha} in the aqueous humor were measured with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The percentages of samples positive for TNF-{alpha} and the measured concentrations in the glaucoma and cataract groups were compared. In addition, the relationships with the glaucoma subtypes, intraocular pressure, and glaucoma severity were analyzed.

Results. A significantly higher percentage of subjects in the glaucoma group were positive for TNF-{alpha} compared with the cataract group (P = 0.011). The mean TNF-{alpha} concentrations among the positive cases were not different between the groups (P = 0.689). TNF-{alpha}–positive samples were higher in the POAG (13.7%) and NTG (10.7%) subgroups than in the cataract group without significance, but higher in ExG subgroup (29.6%) with significance (P = 0.001). Relationships between the TNF-{alpha} concentration and the intraocular pressure or the clinical stage of glaucoma were not observed.

Conclusions. TNF-{alpha} levels were significantly higher in the glaucoma group than in the cataract group, with a particularly large difference observed in those with ExG. The results suggest that TNF-{alpha} plays a key role in the progression of glaucoma.






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