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A more recent version of this article appeared on December 1, 2008
 (Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science. )
© 2008 by The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Inc.
doi:10.1167/iovs.08-1916
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Article

SURGICAL INTERVENTION AND ACCOMMODATIVE RESPONSES: I. CENTRIPETAL CILIARY BODY, CAPSULE AND LENS MOVEMENT IN RHESUS MONKEYS OF VARYING AGE

Mary Ann Croft 1*, Jared P McDonald 2, Rebecca J James 3, Gregg A Heatley 2, Ting-Li Lin 4, Elke Luetjen-Drecoll 5, and Paul L. Kaufman 6

1 Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, UW-Madison, F4/342 CSC, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, Wisconsin, 53792, United States
2 Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, UW-Madison,, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
3 Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, UW-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
4 Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, UW-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
5 Department of Anatomy II, University of Erlangen-Nurnberg, Nurnberg, Germany
6 Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: macroft{at}wisc.edu.


  Abstract

Purpose: To determine how surgically altering the normal relationship between the lens and the ciliary body in rhesus monkeys affects centripetal ciliary body and lens movement. Methods: In 18 rhesus monkey eyes (aged 6-27 years), accommodation was induced before and after surgery by electrical stimulation of the Edinger-Westphal (E-W) nucleus. Accommodative amplitude was measured by coincidence refractometry. Goniovideography was performed before and after intra- and extra-capsular lens extraction (ICLE, ECLE) and anterior regional zonulolysis. Centripetal lens/capsule movements, centripetal ciliary process (CP) movements, and circumlental space were measured by computerized image analysis of the goniovideography images. Results: Centripetal accommodative CP and capsule movement increased in velocity and amplitude post-ECLE compared to pre-ECLE regardless of age (n=5). The presence of the lens substance retarded capsule movement by ~21% in the young eyes and by ~62% in the older eyes. Post-ICLE compared to pre-ICLE centripetal accommodative CP movement was dampened in all eyes in which the anterior vitreous was disturbed (n=7), but not in eyes in which the anterior vitreous was left intact (n=2). Following anterior regional zonulolysis (n=4), lens position shifted toward the lysed quadrant during accommodation. Conclusions: The presence of the lens substance, capsule zonular attachments, and Wiegers ligament may play a role in centripetal CP movement. The capsule is still capable of centripetal movement in the older eye (although at a reduced capacity) and may have the ability to produce ~6 diopters of accommodation in the presence of a normal young crystalline lens or a similar surrogate.

Key Words: accommodation, ciliary muscle, lens capsule, presbyopia




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E. Lutjen-Drecoll, P. L. Kaufman, R. Wasielewski, L. Ting-Li, and M. A. Croft
Morphology and Accommodative Function of the Vitreous Zonule in Human and Monkey Eyes
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., March 1, 2010; 51(3): 1554 - 1564.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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R. Wasilewski, J. P. McDonald, G. Heatley, E. Lutjen-Drecoll, P. L. Kaufman, and M. A. Croft
Surgical Intervention and Accommodative Responses, II: Forward Ciliary Body Accommodative Movement Is Facilitated by Zonular Attachments to the Lens Capsule
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., December 1, 2008; 49(12): 5495 - 5502.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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